Source Organism | Mutation | Remarks | References |
---|---|---|---|
Enzymatic proteins | |||
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase | |||
S. cerevisiae | ald5 mutant | Higher catalytic activity | 86 |
S. cerevisiae | gpd2 delta mutant | Improved ethanol production | 87 |
Dihydroxyacetone kinase 1 (Glycerone kinase 1) | |||
Hansenula polymorpha | per6-210 mutant | Lacks enzymatic activity | 88 |
Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase | |||
Escherichia coli | G1045A | Reduced specific activity, increased Km | 89 |
Escherichia coli | D311E | Reduced catalytic activity | 90 |
S. cerevisiae | tpa1 mutant | 2-fold decrease in activity | 91 |
NAD(P)H-dependent dihydroxyacetone-phosphate reductase | |||
Escherichia coli | Q15R/K, W37R/K | Inactive with NADP+ | 92 |
Escherichia coli | Q15K-W37R and Q15R-W37R | 30-fold higher Km for NADP+ | 92 |
Escherichia coli | gamma-R97Q | 10-fold increased Km for NAD | 93 |
Escherichia coli | G252A | Reverse transhydrogenation activity | 94 |
Pseudomonas fluorescens | K295A and K295M | 104–106-fold lower turnover | 95 |
M. thermoautotrophicum | R11K and R136K | Decreased Km | 96 |
Alkyl-dihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase | |||
Hansenula polymorpha | ts6 and ts44 mutant | Peroxisomes absent | 97 |
Dihydroxyacetone phosphate acyltransferase | |||
Corynebacterium glutamicum | S187C | Reduced enzymatic activity | 98 |
Triose phosphate isomerase | |||
Kluyveromyces lactis | Kltpi1 mutant | Loss of enzymatic activity | 52 |
Plasmodium falciparum | Y74G | Reduced stability | 53, 54 |
Plasmodium falciparum | C13D | 7-fold reduction in the enzymatic activity | 53, 54 |
Trypanosoma brucei | W12F | Reduced stability | 55 |
Leishmania mexicana | E65Q | Increased stability | 56 |
K. lactis | DeltaTPI1 mutants | Complete loss of activity | 57 |
Bacillus stearothermophilus | N12H | Prevent deamidation at high temperature | 99 |
Vibrio marinus | A238S | catalytic activity reduced | 58 |
Trypanosoma brucei | C14L | Reduced stability and altered kinetics | 59 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae | K12R | Vmax reduced by a factor of 180, Km elevated | 60 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae | K12H | No catalytic activity at neutral pH | 60 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae | E165D | 1000-fold reduction in catalytic activity | 61 |
Salmonella typhimurium | R179L | Reduction in binding affinity | 62 |
Trypanosoma brucei | H47N | Reduced stability | 63 |
Escherechia coli | E165D | 1000-fold reduction in specific activity | 64 |
Escherechia coli | N78D | Lowered Kcat | 65 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae | H95G | 400-fold decrease in catalytic activity | 66 |
Non-enzymatic protein | |||
DHAP transporter | |||
Saccharomyces cerevisiae | Â | Â | 100 |
mycoplasma mycoides | Â | Â | 101 |
E. coli | Â | Â | 102 |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Â | Â | 103 |
Escherichia coli | Â | Â | 104 |
Escherichia coli | Â | Â | 105 |
Escherichia coli | Â | Â | 106 |
Escherichia coli | 107 | Â | Â |