Fig. 5From: Heterologous production of the insecticidal pea seed albumin PA1 protein by Pichia pastoris and protein engineering to potentiate aphicidal activity via fusion to snowdrop lectin Galanthus nivalis agglutinin; GNA)Pea aphid survival 24 h after contact exposure to water + Breakthru (BT), ovalbumin, GNA, PAF, PAF/GNA or a mixture of GNA and PAF. All protein treatments contained BT. Bars depict standard error of the mean (3 replicates of n = 15 per dose), * denotes a significant difference to control (+ BT) and ovalbumin treatments at ** P < 0.005, and ***P < 0.0005 (t-tests)Back to article page