Fig. 3

Improving ethanol utilization of C. glutamicum WT through long-term rbALE. (A) Example dataset rbALE EtOH R3 from a total of three replicate runs. C. glutamicum WT was cultivated for a total number of 16 repetitive batches in one FlowerPlate and defined CGXII medium with 428 mM ethanol as sole carbon and energy source. The resulting online BS measurements (meas) were used for process model fitting (fit). (B) Estimated specific growth rates across the single batches of rbALE EtOH R3. (C) Growth performances of the three evolved mutant cultures in comparison to C. glutamicum WT. Microscale batch experiments were performed under conditions equivalent to those of rbALE in three replicates per mutant strain. Mean values and standard deviations are shown as lines and shaded areas, respectively