Table 3 Genes involved in the transcription process
Gene/ ORF | Description of the encoded protein function | Susceptibility | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
C2 | C4 | C8 | ||
ASF1 (1,4,6) | Nucleosome assembly factor that is involved in chromatin assembly and disassembly. Asf1p is required for recovery after double strand break repair | + | 0 | 0 |
BUD27 (1,5) | Unconventional prefoldin protein involved in translation initiation. Bud27p is required for correct assembly of RNAP I, II, and III in an Rpb5p-dependent manner | + | + | + |
CCR4 (1,3,4) | Component of the CCR4-NOT transcriptional complex. CCR4-NOT is involved in regulation of gene expression. Ccr4p is a component of the major cytoplasmic deadenylase, which is involved in mRNA poly(A) tail shortening | + | + | + |
CDC73 (1,4,5) | Component of the Paf1 complex. Cdc73p binds to and modulates the activity of RNA polymerases I and II. Cdc73p is also required for expression of certain genes, modification of some histones, and telomere maintenance. It is also involved in transcription elongation | 0 | + | + |
CSE2 (2,3,4) | Subunit of the RNA polymerase II mediator complex, required for regulation of RNA polymerase II activity. Cse2p associates with core polymerase subunits to form the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme | + | + | + |
CTK1 (1,4,5) | Catalytic (alpha) subunit of C-terminal domain kinase I (CTDK-I). Ctk1p phosphorylates both RNA pol II subunit Rpo21p to affect transcription and pre-mRNA 3' end processing, and ribosomal protein Rps2p to increase translational fidelity | + | + | + |
DST1 (1,2,4) | General transcription elongation factor TFIIS. Dst1p enables RNA polymerase II to read through blocks to elongation by stimulating cleavage of nascent transcripts stalled at transcription arrest sites. Dst1p also maintains RNAPII elongation activity on ribosomal protein genes during conditions of transcriptional stress | 0 | + | 0 |
GAL11 (2,3,4) | Subunit of the RNA polymerase II mediator complex that affects transcription by acting as target of activators/ repressors. Gal11p associates with core polymerase subunits to form the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme | + + | + + | + + |
HMO1 (2,5,6) | Chromatin associated high mobility group (HMG) family member, playing a role in genome maintenance. Hmo1p is involved in compacting, bending, bridging and looping DNA. Also, Hmo1p is a rDNA-binding component that regulates transcription from RNA polymerase I promoters. Hmo1p also regulates start site selection of ribosomal protein genes via RNA polymerase II promoters | + + | + | + |
HPR1 (1,5) | Subunit of THO/TREX complexes and a subunit of an RNA Pol II complex. Hpr1p regulates lifespan and it is also involved in telomere maintenance | + | + | + |
MED1 (3,4) | Subunit of the RNA polymerase II mediator complex. Med1p associates with core polymerase subunits to form the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme, being essential for transcriptional regulation | + | + | + |
MED2 (2,3,4) | Subunit of the RNA polymerase II mediator complex. Med2p associates with core polymerase subunits to form the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme, being essential for transcriptional regulation | + | + + | + + |
NUP133 (3,4,6) | Subunit of Nup84 subcomplex of nuclear pore complex (NPC). Nup133p contributes to nucleocytoplasmic transport, NPC biogenesis. It is also involved in double-strand break repair, transcription and chromatin silencing | + | + | + |
NUP84 (4,6) | Subunit of the Nup84 subcomplex of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). Nup84p contributes to nucleocytoplasmic transport and NPC biogenesis. It is also involved in double-strand break repair, transcription and chromatin silencing | + | + | + |
POP2 (1,3,4) | Subunit of Ccr4-Not complex that mediates 3' to 5' mRNA deadenylation | + | + | + |
REG1 (4,6) | Regulatory subunit of type 1 protein phosphatase Glc7p. Reg1p is involved in negative regulation of glucose-repressible genes and in the regulation of nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of Hxk2p | + | + | + |
RIC1 (4,6) | Protein involved in retrograde transport to the cis-Golgi network and in the transcription of rRNA and ribosomal protein genes | + | + | + |
RPB4 (2,3) | RNA polymerase II subunit B32 that forms a dissociable heterodimer with Rpb7p. Rpb4/7 regulates cellular lifespan via mRNA decay process. Rpb4 is involved in recruitment of 3'-end processing factors to transcribing RNAPII complex, export of mRNA to cytoplasm under stress conditions; also involved in translation initiation | + | + + | + |
SIN3 (4,5) | Component of both the Rpd3S and Rpd3L histone deacetylase complexes. Sin3p is involved in transcriptional repression and activation of diverse processes (e.g., mating-type switching and meiosis). It is also involved in the maintenance of chromosomal integrity | 0 | + | + |
SIN4 (2,3,4) | Subunit of the RNA polymerase II mediator complex. Sin4p associates with core polymerase subunits to form the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme. Sin4 contributes to both positive and negative transcriptional regulation | + | + + | + |
SNF2 (4,6) | Catalytic subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex. Snf2p contains DNA-stimulated ATPase activity involved in transcriptional regulation | + + | + | + |
SNF6 (4,5,6) | Subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, involved in transcriptional regulation | + | + | + + |
SPT4 (1,3,4,5,6) | Spt4p/5p (DSIF) transcription elongation factor complex subunit. The Spt4/5 complex binds to ssRNA in a sequence-specific manner, and along with RNAP I and II has multiple roles regulating transcriptional elongation, RNA processing, quality control, and transcription-coupled repair. Spt4p influences chromosomal dynamics and silencing | + | + + | + |
SRB5 (2,4) | Subunit of the RNA polymerase II mediator complex. Srb5p associates with core polymerase subunits to form the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme. It is essential for transcriptional regulation and required for proper termination of transcription for some genes and for telomere maintenance | + + | + | + |
SRB8 (3,4) | Subunit of the RNA polymerase II mediator complex. Srb8p associates with core polymerase subunits to form the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme Srb8p is essential for transcriptional regulation and it is also involved in glucose repression | + | + | 0 |
SUB1(1,4) | Transcriptional regulator. Subp1 facilitates elongation through factors that modify RNAP II. It also plays a role in nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) of double-strand breaks in plasmid DNA and in the hyperosmotic stress response through polymerase recruitment at RNAP II and RNAP III genes. Sub1p negatively regulates sporulation | + | + | 0 |
SWI3 (4,6) | Subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex. SWI/SNF regulates transcription by remodeling chromosomes. Swi3p contains SANT domain that is required for SWI/SNF assembly and it is essential for displacement of histone H2A-H2B dimers during ATP-dependent remodeling | + | + | 0 |
TAF14 (2,6) | Subunit of TFIID, TFIIF, INO80, SWI/SNF, and NuA3 complexes. Taf14p is involved in RNA polymerase II transcription initiation and in chromatin modification | + | + | + |
THO2 (1,5) | Subunit of the THO complex; THO is required for efficient transcription elongation and involved in transcriptional elongation-associated recombination | + | + | + + |
TUF1 (3,4,6) | Mitochondrial translation elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu). Tuf1p is involved in fundamental pathway of mtDNA homeostasis. Tuf1p comprises both GTPase and guanine nucleotide exchange factor activities | + | + | + |
TUP1 (3,4,6) | General repressor of transcription in complex with Cyc8p. Tup1p is involved in the establishment of repressive chromatin structure through interactions with histones H3 and H4 and stabilization of nucleosomes over promoters | + + | + + | + + |
VPS34 (1,4) | Phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase that synthesizes PI-3-phosphate. Vps34p forms membrane-associated signal transduction complex with Vps15p to regulate protein sorting | + + | + + | + |
XRN1 (1,3,4) | Evolutionarily-conserved 5'-3' exonuclease and deNADding enzyme that modulates mitochondrial NAD-capped RNA. Xrn1p is involved in mRNA decay. It positively regulates transcription initiation and elongation involved in ribosomal RNA maturation, telomere maintenance, and turnover of tRNA introns. Xrn1p is also a negative regulator of autophagy | + | + | + |