Fig. 4

Beta diversity analysis of raw milk communities upon serial passaging using a monophasic system or an invert emulsion. (A) Community trajectories for each milk and culture system obtained by non-metric multi-dimensional scaling (NMDS). Concentric color ridges represent lines of equal density on the plane. (B) Sum of Bray-Curtis dissimilarities between adjacent communities propagated using each culture system. Means ± standard error of the mean followed by superscript asterisks indicate levels of statistical significance based on a one-tailed Welsh’s t-test. *: P < 0.05