Analysis of heterologous expression of phaCBA promotes the acetoin stress response mechanism in Bacillus subtilis using transcriptomics and metabolomics approaches

Table 1 Effect of acetoin concentration on fatty acid composition of Bacillus subtilis membrane

Fatty acid composition^c (%)	B. subtilis168-pMA5 (0 g/L)	B. subtilis168-phaCBA (0 g/L)	B. subtilis168-pMA5 (60 g/L)	B. subtilis168-phaCBA (60 g/L)
C14: 0	0.13 ± 0.006	1.43 ± 0.045^a	0.69 ± 0.096^a	2.32 ± 0.101^a,b
i-C15:0	0.80 ± 0.600	8.58 ± 1.055^a	10.67 ± 0.858^a	11.49 ± 0.240^a
C15:0	3.88 ± 0.501	32.22 ± 0.737^a	35.57 ± 0.467^a	26.03 ± 0.570^a,b
iC16:0	0.31 ± 0.005	5.82 ± 0.157^a	2.35 ± 0.068^a	8.28 ± 0.200^a,b
C16:0	80.06 ± 2.08	12.51 ± 0.179^a	11.62 ± 0.118^a	5.56 ± 0.219^a,b
C17:0	1.04 ± 0.011	8.83 ± 1.210^a	11.10 ± 1.175^a	11.38 ± 0.920^a,b
C18:2	1.14 ± 0.015	NA	NA	NA
C18:1	0.63 ± 0.010	NA	NA	NA
C18: 0	0.86 ± 0.050	1.71 ± 0.072^a	1.77 ± 0.115^a	0.55 ± 0.021^a,b
C22:1	11.12 ± 1.015	16.72 ± 1.47^a	10.97 ± 0.297^a	26.06 ± 0.165^a,b
14-C17:0	NA	11.04 ± 0.302^a	12.68 ± 0.206^a	8.11 ± 0.856^a,b
16-C17:0	NA	1.14 ± 0.025^a	2.54 ± 0.200^a	0.22 ± 0.021^a,b
TSFA	87.48 ± 0.591	83.28 ± 1.467^a	88.98 ± 0.296^a	73.94 ± 0.169^a,b
TUFA	12.90 ± 1.040	16.72 ± 1.469^a	10.97 ± 0.297^a	26.06 ± 0.165^a,b
TPUFA	1.15 ± 0.015	0^a	0^a	0^a
U/S	0.15	0.2	0.12	0.35

TSFA total saturated fatty acids, TUFA total unsaturated fatty acids, TPUFA total polyunsaturated fatty acid, U/S total unsaturated fatty acids/total saturated fatty acids
^aIndicates a statistically significant difference in the same fatty acid groups B. subtilis-phaCBA (0 g/L), B. subtilis-pMA5 (60 g/L) and B. subtilis-phaCBA (60 g/L) compared with B. subtilis-pMA5 (0 g/L) (p < 0.05)
^bIndicates a statistically significant difference in the same fatty acid in B. subtilis-phaCBA (60 g/L) compared with B. subtilis-pMA5 (60 g/L) (p < 0.05)
^cData are the means ± standard deviations (SDs) from three parallel experiments

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