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Table 2 Growth, xylose utilization, and ethanol yield from S. passalidarum CMUWF1−2 and AF2.5 cultivated in YPXyl broth with 0.0, 2.0, and 3.0 g/l FF

From: Improving furfural tolerance in a xylose-fermenting yeast Spathaspora passalidarum CMUWF1–2 via adaptive laboratory evolution

Parameters

FF conc. (g/l)

CMUWF1–2

AF2.5

Max. µx/s(h− 1)

0.0

0.39(24) ± 0.05a

0.42(24) ± 0.04a

2.0

0.33(72) ± 0.06a

0.42(48) ± 0.09a

3.0

0.00 ± 0.00a

0.41(72) ± 0.01b

Max. γs(g/l.h− 1)

0.0

1.16(24) ± 0.07a

1.24(24) ± 0.05a

2.0

1.11(72) ± 0.28a

0.91(48) ± 0.19a

3.0

0.00 ± 0.00a

1.28(72) ± 0.17b

Max. EtOH (g/l)

0.0

8.18(24) ± 0.23a

8.01(24) ± 0.28a

2.0

7.08(72) ± 0.52a

6.98(48) ± 0.14a

3.0

0.00 ± 0.00a

6.12(72) ± 0.81b

Max. Yp/s(g/g)

0.0

0.42(24) ± 0.02a

0.41(24) ± 0.01a

2.0

0.34(72) ± 0.01a

0.33(48) ± 0.01a

3.0

0.00 ± 0.00a

0.33(72) ± 0.01b

  1. Max.µx/s, Maximum growth rate; Max.γs, Maximum sugar utilization rate; Max.EtOH, Maximum EtOH production; Max.Yp/s, Maximum ethanol yield
  2. Values in parentheses represent cultivation times that are required for reaching the maximum values; ±, SD from three independent experiments; Different letters represent significant statistical differences between CMUWF12 and AF2.5 of each parameter in the same FF concentration according to Student’s t-tests with p < 0.05